Topical corticosteroids and fungal keratitis: A review of the literature and case series

The management of fungal keratitis is complex since signs and symptoms are subtle and ocular inflammation is minimal in the preliminary stages of infection. Initial misdiagnosis of the condition and consequent management of inflammation with corticosteroids is a frequent occur-rence. Topical steroid use is considered to be a principal factor for development of fungal keratitis. In this review, we assess the studies that have reported outcomes of fungal keratitis in patients re-ceiving steroids prior to diagnosis. We also assess the possible rebound effect present when steroids are abruptly discontinued and the clinical characteristics of three patients in this particular clinical scenario. Previous reports and the three clinical descriptions presented suggest that in fungal kera-titis, discontinuing topical steroids can induce worsening of clinical signs. In these cases, we recom-mend to slowly taper steroids and continue or commence appropriate antifungal therapy.