Pragmatic disruption is a main feature in schizophrenia, which affects around 80% of patients and contributes to the functional disability associated with the illness. Despite its relevance, pragmatic impairment is seldom considered in assessment, as the available tests share the limitation of a significantly long administration time, thus making them unfeasible into routine evaluation. Moreover, the neurophysiological underpinnings of pragmatic disruption are still understudied, thus restraining the comprehension of the underlying neural mechanisms and limiting the identification of treatment targets, as well as of possible markers for early diagnosis and treatment outcome evaluations. Based on these premises, this study aims at testing a novel and brief tool for pragmatics (APACS Brief) in 56 patients with schizophrenia and 56 matched healthy controls, and at characterizing the EEG-based neural correlates of pragmatic language disorder in people with schizophrenia, focusing on both widely explored electrophysiological indexes, such as Mismatch Negativity (MMN) and alpha activity, as well as novel ones, namely aperiodic activity. Results showed significant differences between patients and controls in all APACS Brief scores, and highlighted the efficacy of this novel task in discriminating between the two groups. Significant correlations between APACS long and brief versions, as well as between the latter and both cognitive and sociocognitive data, were found, further confirming the validity of the tool. Results from electrophysiological data showed significant correlations between: 1) MMN and both cognition and pragmatics, in particular the comprehension of a text containing figurative expressions; 2) alpha activity and both the severity of psychopathology (especially negative symptoms) and pragmatics, in particular irony understanding; 3) aperiodic activity and both cognition and pragmatics, in particular figurative language interpretation. Overall, results suggest the efficacy of APACS Brief in evaluating pragmatic disruption in schizophrenia, highlighting its equivalence with a validated tool and the feasibility in the National Health System services. EEG results show the relationship between different electrophysiological indexes and pragmatics, thus paving the way for increasing the knowledge on the neurocognitive architecture of the mind, as well as for the identification of possible treatment targets and markers for more refined prediction of diagnosis and treatment outcome.
Il deficit del linguaggio pragmatico è un aspetto centrale nella schizofrenia, che colpisce circa l'80% dei pazienti e contribuisce alla disabilità funzionale associata alla malattia. Nonostante la sua importanza, l’alterazione della pragmatica viene raramente valutata, dal momento che i test disponibili hanno tempi di somministrazione significativamente lunghi, rendendoli inadeguati per una valutazione di routine nella pratica clinica. Inoltre, le basi neurofisiologiche del deficit pragmatico sono ancora poco studiate, limitando la comprensione dei meccanismi neurali sottostanti e impedendo l'identificazione di target di trattamento, nonché di possibili marcatori utili per una diagnosi precoce e per la valutazione dell’efficacia dei trattamenti riabilitativi. Sulla base di queste premesse, questo studio mira a testare un nuovo breve strumento per la valutazione della pragmatica (APACS Brief) in 56 pazienti con schizofrenia e 56 controlli sani, e a caratterizzare i correlati EEG del disturbo del linguaggio pragmatico nelle persone con schizofrenia, concentrandosi sia sugli indici elettrofisiologici ampiamente esplorati, come la Mismatch Negativity (MMN) e l'attività alfa, che su nuovi indici, come l'attività aperiodica. I nostri risultati hanno mostrato differenze significative tra pazienti e controlli in tutti i punteggi di APACS Brief, e hanno evidenziato la capacità di questo nuovo strumento discriminare tra tra i due gruppi. Sono state evidenziate delle correlazioni significative tra la versione lunga e breve di APACS, e tra quest'ultima e i dati cognitivi e sociocognitivi, confermando ulteriormente la validità dello strumento. I risultati elettrofisiologici hanno mostrato correlazioni significative tra: 1) MMN e le abilità cognitive e pragmatiche, in particolare la comprensione di un testo contenente espressioni figurate; 2) attività alfa e la gravità della psicopatologia (soprattutto i sintomi negativi) e la pragmatica, in particolare la comprensione dell'ironia; 3) attività le abilità cognitive e pragmatiche, in particolare l'interpretazione del linguaggio figurativo. In generale, i nostri risultati suggeriscono l'efficacia di APACS Brief nella valutazione del deficit pragmatico nella schizofrenia, evidenziando sia la sua equivalenza con uno strumento validato che la possibile applicazione nella pratica clinica dei servizi del Sistema Sanitario Nazionale. I risultati EEG mostrano la relazione tra diversi indici elettrofisiologici e la pragmatica, aprendo la strada per incrementare la conoscenza dell'architettura neurocognitiva della mente, nonché per l'identificazione di possibili target di trattamento e marker per una previsione più precisa della diagnosi e dell'outcome terapeutico.
IL DISTURBO DEL LINGUAGGIO PRAGMATICO NELLA SCHIZOFRENIA: VALUTAZIONE E CORRELATI ELETTROFISIOLOGICI / Giulia Agostoni , 2023 Apr 18. 35. ciclo, Anno Accademico 2021/2022.
IL DISTURBO DEL LINGUAGGIO PRAGMATICO NELLA SCHIZOFRENIA: VALUTAZIONE E CORRELATI ELETTROFISIOLOGICI
AGOSTONI, GIULIA
2023-04-18
Abstract
Pragmatic disruption is a main feature in schizophrenia, which affects around 80% of patients and contributes to the functional disability associated with the illness. Despite its relevance, pragmatic impairment is seldom considered in assessment, as the available tests share the limitation of a significantly long administration time, thus making them unfeasible into routine evaluation. Moreover, the neurophysiological underpinnings of pragmatic disruption are still understudied, thus restraining the comprehension of the underlying neural mechanisms and limiting the identification of treatment targets, as well as of possible markers for early diagnosis and treatment outcome evaluations. Based on these premises, this study aims at testing a novel and brief tool for pragmatics (APACS Brief) in 56 patients with schizophrenia and 56 matched healthy controls, and at characterizing the EEG-based neural correlates of pragmatic language disorder in people with schizophrenia, focusing on both widely explored electrophysiological indexes, such as Mismatch Negativity (MMN) and alpha activity, as well as novel ones, namely aperiodic activity. Results showed significant differences between patients and controls in all APACS Brief scores, and highlighted the efficacy of this novel task in discriminating between the two groups. Significant correlations between APACS long and brief versions, as well as between the latter and both cognitive and sociocognitive data, were found, further confirming the validity of the tool. Results from electrophysiological data showed significant correlations between: 1) MMN and both cognition and pragmatics, in particular the comprehension of a text containing figurative expressions; 2) alpha activity and both the severity of psychopathology (especially negative symptoms) and pragmatics, in particular irony understanding; 3) aperiodic activity and both cognition and pragmatics, in particular figurative language interpretation. Overall, results suggest the efficacy of APACS Brief in evaluating pragmatic disruption in schizophrenia, highlighting its equivalence with a validated tool and the feasibility in the National Health System services. EEG results show the relationship between different electrophysiological indexes and pragmatics, thus paving the way for increasing the knowledge on the neurocognitive architecture of the mind, as well as for the identification of possible treatment targets and markers for more refined prediction of diagnosis and treatment outcome.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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