Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease with high resistance to therapies. The immunologically cold tumor microenvironment (TME), characterized by high infiltration of suppressive immune cells and devoid of CD8+ T cells, allows immune evasion of PDAC. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) control immune dynamics in the TME, but their heterogeneity and plasticity have hampered our understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Here, we combined single-cell and spatial genomics with functional experiments to elucidate macrophage functions in PDAC. We uncovered an inflammatory cross-talk between tumor cells and TAMs that fuels disease progression. In particular, scRNAseq analysis of human PDAC and of mouse models of pancreatic cancer uncovered IL-1b+ TAMs, a subset co-expressing inflammatory and reparative genes. Virtually undetectable in the healthy pancreas, IL-1b+ TAMs accumulated during PDAC progression in discrete inflamed area of the tumor stroma and were elicited by a local synergy between prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a. Physical proximity with IL-1b+ TAMs was associated with inflammatory reprogramming and acquisition of pathogenic properties by a subset of PDAC cells. This occurrence was an early event in pancreatic tumorigenesis and led to persistent transcriptional changes associated with disease progression and poor patient outcome. Interfering with the PGE2-IL-1b axis elicited TAMs reprogramming and antagonized tumor cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic inflammation, leading to PDAC control in vivo. In conclusion, our data highlight a key role of the PGE2-IL-1b axis in driving pathogenic inflammation and fueling cancer progression. Thus, targeting the PGE2-IL-1b axis may enable preventive or therapeutic strategy to reprogram the immune dynamics in pancreatic cancer.
Il carcinoma duttale pancreatico (PDAC) è una malattia letale con una elevata resistenza alle terapie. Il microambiente tumorale (TME) immunologicamente freddo, caratterizzato da un'elevata infiltrazione di cellule immunitarie soppressive e privo di cellule CD8+, consente al PDAC di eludere il sistema immunitario. I macrofagi associati al tumore (TAM) controllano la dinamica immunitaria nel TME, ma la loro eterogeneità e plasticità hanno ostacolato la nostra comprensione dei meccanismi sottostanti. In questo studio, abbiamo combinato genomica a singola cellula e spaziale con esperimenti funzionali per chiarire le funzioni dei macrofagi nell'PDAC. Abbiamo scoperto un cross-talk infiammatorio tra le cellule tumorali e i TAM che alimenta la progressione della malattia. In particolare, l'analisi di scRNAseq del PDAC umano e dei modelli murini di cancro pancreatico ha rivelato i TAM IL-1β+, una sottopopolazione che esprime geni infiammatori e riparativi. Virtualmente non detectabili nel pancreas sano, i TAM IL-1β+ si accumulano durante la progressione del PDAC in aree infiammate nello stroma del tumore e sono indotti da una sinergia locale tra prostaglandina E2 (PGE2) e fattore di necrosi tumorale (TNF)-α. La vicinanza fisica con i TAM IL-1β+ è stata associata alla riconversione infiammatoria e all'acquisizione di proprietà patogene da parte di una sottopopolazione di cellule dell'PDAC. Questo evento accade precocemente nella tumorigenesi pancreatica e ha portato a cambiamenti trascrizionali persistenti associati alla progressione della malattia e al cattivo esito per il paziente. L'interferenza con l'asse PGE2-IL-1β ha stimolato la riconversione dei TAM e ha contrastato l'infiammazione intrinseca ed estrinseca delle cellule tumorali, portando al controllo dell'PDAC in vivo. In conclusione, i nostri dati evidenziano un ruolo chiave dell'asse PGE2-IL-1β nel promuovere l'infiammazione patogena e alimentare la progressione del cancro. Pertanto, il mirare all'asse PGE2-IL-1β potrebbe consentire una strategia preventiva o terapeutica per riconvertire la dinamica immunitaria nel cancro pancreatico.
I macrofagi IL-1b+ alimentano l'infiammazione patogena nel tumore al pancreas / Francesco Maria Vittoria , 2024 Jan 15. 36. ciclo, Anno Accademico 2022/2023.
I macrofagi IL-1b+ alimentano l'infiammazione patogena nel tumore al pancreas
VITTORIA, FRANCESCO MARIA
2024-01-15
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease with high resistance to therapies. The immunologically cold tumor microenvironment (TME), characterized by high infiltration of suppressive immune cells and devoid of CD8+ T cells, allows immune evasion of PDAC. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) control immune dynamics in the TME, but their heterogeneity and plasticity have hampered our understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Here, we combined single-cell and spatial genomics with functional experiments to elucidate macrophage functions in PDAC. We uncovered an inflammatory cross-talk between tumor cells and TAMs that fuels disease progression. In particular, scRNAseq analysis of human PDAC and of mouse models of pancreatic cancer uncovered IL-1b+ TAMs, a subset co-expressing inflammatory and reparative genes. Virtually undetectable in the healthy pancreas, IL-1b+ TAMs accumulated during PDAC progression in discrete inflamed area of the tumor stroma and were elicited by a local synergy between prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a. Physical proximity with IL-1b+ TAMs was associated with inflammatory reprogramming and acquisition of pathogenic properties by a subset of PDAC cells. This occurrence was an early event in pancreatic tumorigenesis and led to persistent transcriptional changes associated with disease progression and poor patient outcome. Interfering with the PGE2-IL-1b axis elicited TAMs reprogramming and antagonized tumor cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic inflammation, leading to PDAC control in vivo. In conclusion, our data highlight a key role of the PGE2-IL-1b axis in driving pathogenic inflammation and fueling cancer progression. Thus, targeting the PGE2-IL-1b axis may enable preventive or therapeutic strategy to reprogram the immune dynamics in pancreatic cancer.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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