Clinical presentation of McCune-Albright syndrome in males

The aims of this study were: (a) to survey gender prevalence and clinical findings at diagnosis in a series of patients who manifested at the time of this study the classical triad of McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS); (b) to investigate whether clinical presentation of MAS in boys may be different from that in girls; (c) to confirm whether boys with MAS may show a peculiar picture of testicular microlithiasis (TM) by testicular ultrasonography (US). Twenty-six patients (10 boys) with the classical clinical manifestations of MAS were recruited for the present study from the database of the Italian Multicenter Study Group on MAS. Age at diagnosis of MAS was significantly lower in girls than in boys (p < 0.025). Whilst there was no difference in the prevalence of skin and bone fibrous dysplasia for the two groups, a significantly higher prevalence of peripheral precocious puberty (PPP) was found in girls (chi2 = 6.5, p < 0.025). Moreover, PPP onset was earlier in females than in males (2.8 +/- 2.3 vs. 6.9 +/- 2.7 years, p < 0.005). In one boy, aged 2.9 years, the first clinical manifestation of MAS was monolateral testicular enlargement in the context of a picture of classical PPP. US scanning of the testes, at the time of the present study, showed bilateral hyperechogeneic multiple spots, compatible with diagnosis of TM, in 6/10 boys. CONCLUSIONS: (a) MAS is slightly more frequent in females. (b) PPP in MAS is significantly more frequent and earlier in girls. (c) PPP in boys with MAS is generally associated with bilateral testicular enlargement, but monolateral macroorchidism may also be seen. (d) TM may be another marker for MAS in males